The Psychology of The Gambler Essay -- Fyodor Dostoyevsky The Gambler

The Psychology of The Gambler  In Fyodor Dostoyevsky's The Gambler, we are given a novel whose hero is the thing that we would call today an issue gambler.â The betting lunacy of the story's saint, Alexei Ivanovitch, is Dostoyevsky's very own reflection betting compulsion.â The champion, Polina Alexandrovna, speaks to a lady Dostoyevsky had as a genuine lover.â Polina is the stepdaughter of the General, who Alexei works for as a servant.â The General shows neurosis over betting from the start of the story.â He rebukes Alexei concerning his consideration of the kids, I guess you might want to take them to the Casino to play roulette?â Well, pardon my talking so clearly, however I realize that you are so dependent on gambling.â Though I am not your guide, nor wish to be, at any rate I reserve a privilege to necessitate that you will not really bargain me (Dostoyevsky 1-2).â The topic of betting and its mental effect on the characters swarms The Gambler.â Because of his own betting dependence and hi s personal information on the class-cognizant club society of his period, Dostoyevsky works admirably of indicating the brain research that forces the difficult player. BODY Utilizing journal sections as his abstract vehicle, Dostoyevsky takes us inside the psyches of his characters such that makes us voyeurs in view of his sensible depiction and legit exposure of human feeling and sentiments.â The story spins around Roulettenberg, a German spa town where the rich gamble.â We get the internal existence of Alexei as it is depicted in his diaries.â He is poor yet taught, and he is mindful of his group in society.â He is clashed, in any case, since he both wants and disparages the way of life of the privileged with all its pretensi... ...ostoyevsky 70).â Thus, Dostoyevsky works admirably at demonstrating how singular cognizance and the earth in which it creates both lead to issue betting. WORKS CITED Anonymous.â Easy come, simple go...Maybe. The Wager.â Vol. 5, No. 43, Harvard Medical School, Nov 1, 2000: 1-3. Dostoyevsky, F.â The Gambler, (1866).â Trans. By C. J. Hogarth.â Project Gutenberg.â Jun 30, 2000: 1-101. McKay, C.â The Gambler, (Review).â eGambling. Available: http://www.camh.net/egambling/issue6/survey, 1-5. Note:â All numbers, images, letters, and so on found inside enclosure are real page numbers from the printed copy of the source.â Numbers following are the electronic page numbers from that source as it prints from the World Wide Web (WWW) If there are no page numbers in bracket then just electronic page numbers are accessible at the Internet webpage.

Paper 2 about Chinese media industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Paper 2 about Chinese media industry - Essay Example In spite of the fact that there are despite everything reports of concealment by the condition of autonomous media sources, there is unsaid consolation given to these media sources to take an interest in China’s culture industry and the media. Also, in spite of the fact that state specialists keep on applying control on the utilization of household private capital in the center creation of news things, there is expanded acknowledgment of this capital should play in china. Taken together, the media framework in China is portrayed by the oppressive job of state capital in controlling the media’s statures, while private capital makes interests underway and deals. This has prompted a framework where the state keeps on applying ideological control of the media, while additionally empowering the social and media markets to react better to the requirements and inclinations of well known Chinese culture (Zhao, 2008). The Chinese state specialists have figured out how to increase expanding administrative and administrative command over the media framework, assuming an entryway keeping job that empowers it amass capital by deliberately controlling news sources and resulting rental-chasing conduct. Then again, the state has looked to progressively re-appropriate the majority of the circulation and creation work, hence surrendering its ‘heavy lifting’ job to private business people (Zhao, 2008). Thus, the character and nature of private capital in the local media advertise has been changed from private entrepreneur proprietors with a media foundation to modern aggregate proprietors implanted inside the present force structure. For instance, there is a developing class of money related entrepreneurs in the media business who see the business as another industrialist outskirts, instead of a vehicle for social articulation and social correspondence. What's more, there is a huge move towards the consolidation of household private capital into transnational capital’s appropriation

Accenture Social Media Analysis

Accenture Social Media Analysis MKT 436 Ian Cartmill Zach Crawford Edwin Huang Tyler Whitsett Introduction Accenture PLC is one of the main counseling firms in the nation and has built up a broad internet based life stage to extend its compass in the business world. Accenture presently has a system of internet based life across numerous stages including Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and LinkedIn. Through Facebook and Twitter, Accenture fragments its business sectors by district, sort of administration, and profession choices by making a Facebook page or Twitter account only for that market.With Accenture’s YouTube page, a wide assortment of recordings extending from video web journals to instructive substance on organization development. At long last, through LinkedIn, Accenture profiles its various administrations just as interfaces with experts who might be searching for their administrations. Notwithstanding the conventional internet based life destinations, Accenture works v arious applications through Facebook, iTunes, Google Play just as its own online distribution, Outlook. After a portrayal, an examination will be given to gauge the presentation of Accenture’s social media’s efforts.Finally, suggestions will be given on how Accenture can improve their endeavors to contact a more extensive crowd. Internet based life Description Accenture’s Facebook and Twitter nearness is very enormous which is appeared by the various pages on these destinations. As of now, Accenture has over â€Å"40 various pages on Facebook and 30 distinctive Twitter handles† (A1), each obliging a specific market. About portion of these pages are focused on dependent on the area or nation so as to give data precisely pointed a country’s business environment.Within each of the country’s pages, conversations and collaborations happen with clients and clients through challenges, interviews, generous undertakings in the locale done by Accentur e, and data the organization gives on various ventures. Normally the country’s page will show continue opportunity linksin request to continue procuring new ability for the organization. In the event that profession openings are not recorded on this page, an individual vocation page is leaned to give data on vocation openings at Accenture in that region.On Accenture’s principle Facebook and Twitter pages, various instances of the board, activities, promoting, and different techniques are introduced so all clients can see the degree of investigation they will get from an Accenture group. Additionally, articles composed by Accenture are appeared on the pages that extend from work occasions to inside and out stories on industry drifts continually are posted week by week. At last, the keep going arrangements of pages on Facebook and Twitter are utilized to give clients an inside and out investigate the various administrations gave by Accenture.For model, the Sustainability Services Facebook page gives connects to articles and contextual analyses on maintainability in a business so as to lessen cost and make efficiencies (http://www. facebook. com/accenturesustainabilityservices). They likewise connect with their clients and clients through overviews, games and different activities that keep clients returning to their page. Notwithstanding Accenture’s Facebook and Twitter pages, YouTube and LinkedIn give an exceptional and diverse approach to connect with their customers.Through their YouTube account, Accenture can give various kinds of new data to both present and potential new clients with its â€Å"251 videos† (A1). For instance, a Capital Markets video blog is utilized to portray various points identified with capital markets and the way toward dealing with the dangers with them. In another arrangement of recordings, a video webcast shows various attributes of a superior plan of action that can be copied by other companies.All conten t that is set up on the YouTube account is utilized to draw in new clients to what Accenture does and give existing customers bits of knowledge with regards to how Accenture’s techniques can better their organizations. This is a progressively easygoing gander at Accenture’s client fascination activities. For a progressively formal way to deal with increasing new clients and remaining associated with current customers, LinkedIn is used. With LinkedIn, Accenture can expertly show their â€Å"core abilities just as present client proposals and feedback† (LinkedIn). They likewise show their corporate culture through representative audits and insight.To oblige Facebook and Twitter, they additionally have a vocations page to keep securing ability in all media imaginable. Past the ordinary online networking domains in which most organizations are engaged with, Accenture has additionally developed into new territories that separate themselves in the web based life promo ting. This is done through Accenture’s online diary, Outlook, and the improvement of applications to promote their showcasing endeavors. Viewpoint gives an extraordinary association with existing and potential clients by giving articles that can be anything from industry explicit patterns or news to ability and administration actions.This shows the degree of aptitude Accenture can give to new clients, and help with giving extra contributions to their present clients. At last, after all conventional online types of web based life are depleted; Accenture additionally gives a considerable lot of a similar showcasing destinations as versatile applications for the iTunes and Google Play markets. This enables clients to see all substance and data in a hurry as most specialists seem to be. These applications incorporate a versatile adaptation of Outlook and other assistance explicit applications (Google Play). Internet based life AnalysisAlthough Accenture has taken advantage of the most famous informal organizations, they don’t use them to their maximum capacity. Their principle quality over the informal communication stages is the capacity to arrive at present and potential clients, workers, future recruits, understudies, and any individual who may be keen on what Accenture brings to the table. A model is their applications through iTunes and Google play. On iTunes they â€Å"have 14 versatile applications and on Google Play they have 11 applications contrasted with Ernst and Young’s 6 applications on iTunes and 3 applications on Google Play† (A1). Some applications are copies; some are carefully for workers, while others are for the public.The applications run from a National Postal Forum to Financial Services to Lux in Arcana. Since it is accessible on iPhone and Android stage, they are focusing on the most well known cell phone clients. Another measurement to consider how huge their informal community nearness is their principle Faceb ook page, Accenture has over â€Å"145,000 likes contrasted with E and Y with 15,000 likes† (A1). With these numerous choices and a notable nearness, they can expand their image mindfulness and position themselves as information specialists in that field. Another quality Accenture has with their social stages is that they are ceaselessly adding substance to them.On their Twitter channel, they â€Å"tweet a normal of 66 times each week alongside extra connections in the message contrasted with E and Y’s 20 tweets a week† (A1). On their Facebook , they post â€Å"39 times each week contrasted with E and Y’s multiple times a week† (A1). More tweets and posts, empowers them the chance to be seen more by the market. This is appeared through what number of Facebook clients are discussing them. Accenture has over â€Å"2,000 clients presenting about them looked at on E and Y’s 390 clients discussing them† (A1). A shortcoming of their informa l communities is the absence of incorporation over the diverse platforms.An model is their YouTube and Twitter page. In their portrayal, it just gives a connect to their landing page as opposed to including their Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, iTunes store, and Google Play. (About Accenture). After an investigation of their YouTube channel, we established that they could remember more for their portrayals by including a synopsis of the video, labels, and follow up data. They have to make it simpler for clients to plunge further into Accenture if fundamental. Another shortcoming of their person to person communication system is that it doesn't join a type of a push/pull strategy.Their current push technique isn't making an environment of a two way collaboration. On their pages, they don't draw in or catch up with the clients to keep them returning. Despite the fact that they pose inquiries in their tweets, they are not making a special effort to look for potential subjects they could i lluminate a client about. From contrasting Accenture’s internet based life systems with Ernst and Young’s systems, the two of them utilize similar stages however Accenture has a bigger web based life nearness with increasingly content. In Twitter, Accenture has more than 62,000 supporters with more than 5500 tweets contrasted with E and Y’s 37,000 adherents and 2,600 tweets.On LinkedIn, Accenture has more than 600,000 devotees with 179,000 workers on it contrasted with E and Y’s 364,000 adherents and 114,000 representatives on LinkedIn. Accenture has the most nearness and substance in each classification with the exception of the measure of YouTube recordings they have. Accenture has 251 contrasted with E and Y’s 485. Administrative Recommendations The core of an effective web based business system is the capacity to pull in and connect with a potential client by offering simple access to a wide range of data channels about your company.Although Ac centure offers a wide range of educational channels that clarify what their identity is and what administrations they can offer to potential customers, these channels are not effectively available. While doing a straightforward hunt of Accenture on Google, you at first observe a connect to Accenture’s site alongside a couple of watchwords with ambiguous depictions. With the end goal for Accenture to pull in and increase new customers they have to approach focuses to the entirety of their diverse social networks.These online networking passages will permit Accenture to elevate its showcasing message to a bigger busi

Understanding Dying, Death, and Bereavement - 275 Words

Understanding Dying, Death, and Bereavement (Book Review Sample) Content: Understanding Dying, Death, and Bereavement (Name) (Institutional Affiliation)  4 MAT Book Review: Understanding Dying, Death, and Bereavement Summary Leming and Dickinson's book, Understanding Dying, Death, and Bereavement (2011) is one of the books that have best addressed the topic of death. Unlike many books that have endeavored to address the topic, this book gives the topic an interdisciplinary approach. Notably, the book employs the biological, the psychological, and the social, religious, artistic and philosophical approaches to explain this phenomenon that has remained mysterious for quite a long time – perhaps centuries. According to the book, death is not only medical but also social. Death has grown to be a common topic in the contemporary world because of the extent to which biology affects the social perspectives and views of death. Leming and Dickson successfully explains that HIV, and other scary diseases have a critical role to play in enhancing the rate at which death is becoming a common topic. The definition of death varies from one historical point to another and from one community or culture to another. However, the various definitions of death seek to juggle between the centralist approach and the decentralized approach. In the contemporary world, the centralist approach, which recognizes life as a single organ, is more preferable because it explains that death of the human body is essentially the death of the brain. The definition of death is complicated by the fact that there is no accurate definition of life. Sociologically speaking, there is a connection between the behavior of the dying individual and the people close to such an individual. This connection can be explained by the fact that each and every individual has a major role to play in society, and that once they die, they leave quite a number of role holes – this is explained by the dynamics of social groups. Death meaning involves subjective evaluation – meaning that people will always evaluate that which they want. The people carrying out the evaluation can consider all types of values situational, abstract and absolute. Considering such a value as living is always preferable to death, in an abstract manner will always lead to fewer adjustment difficulties when an individual is in the process of dying. The ever-changing meanings of death are part and parcel of the cultural adjustments that characterize contemporary society. The ultimate changes are, however, explained as the impact of biological factors on the sociological perspectives. Death is a process, and can be explained from different perspectives. What makes it difficult for people to understand death is the inability of current research to explain the connection between the three perspectives. There is a way through which life and death can be integrated into sociological knowledge as associated concepts. In a nutshell, there is a connection between the living and the dead. This connection is explained through bereavement – a process through which the close members of the family of the death person, or the friends that were so close, react and learn to live with the reality that their dear ones are no more. The experience of death in the American context is the central idea in explaining bereavement, according to Leming and Dickinson. Studies on the evolution of the perceptions of death have taken the American society through a stage of constant preparation for death and far of the same (living death), denying death and associating it only with the funeral homes (dying of death) as well as the resurrection of death, a phase associated with the period between 1945 and the present. The United States as a society fears death because its members have been taught to fear it. The five stages of dying – denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance – are the most potent in explaining the psychologic al aspects of death. Concrete Response: Personal Experiences The theories – biological, medical, psychological and sociological – as explained by Leming & Dickinson are quite applicable in everyday life. I have experienced various aspects of death and dying, as explained in the book Understanding Dying, Death, and Bereavement. Apparently, the aspect that I have experienced most intimately is bereavement. Bereavement is the process through which the people close to the dying person react – in both the short and long run. At the age of fourteen, I lost my uncle – a bother to my father. The incident took the family by surprise, why? It was because as an American family, we had learnt to deny death, and to associate it with all evils. We had distanced ourselves as far as possible from death and suffering. When my uncle died, I must mention that the five stages of dying were distinctly observed. I may not have understood what grieving was at that time, but com ing to think back, I realize that my uncle went through denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Quite a scary experience, everything was worsened by the fact that he had succumbed to everyone’s nightmare – HIV. When he was hospitalized, the words, â€Å"I will be just fine,† were the primary feature of his talk. Clearly, he was in denial because, in fact, HIV has no known cure. After sometime I hospital, my uncle, and his family were angered by both his decisions and those of the people around him. Reflecting back, I realize that he and his immediate family were in the second stage of the dying process. At some point, I remember hearing such words from my uncle as, â€Å"had I sought medical care earlier, I would have been fine by now.† This is the perfect definition of bargaining. Clearly, this stage is characterized with regrets and self-blame. The self-blame stage brought to him too much depression. He was stressed out and could not st op wishing for the best. It took quite some time before he finally accepted that he was a victim of the deadliest disease in the world – HIV-AIDS. When he had finally accepted, he dropped all the regretting statements he had earlier exhibited. This, according to Fleming and Dickinson, was the acceptance stage. At this time, all he asked for was spiritual and medical intervention. Eventually, he died and we – as the family members – were deeply affected. According to Fleming and Dickinson, bereavement creates a link between the family and close associates, and the dead individual. This was exactly what I experienced. Reflection Reading the book Understanding dying, death and bereavement, provokes quite a number of questions. Foremost, one may ask: what is the definition of life? This question is particularly difficult, especially considering that not even science has come up with a perfect definition of life. Biology has not attained that either. Secondly, one m ay wonder: which one should be given prominence, the biological aspect of dying or the sociological considerations? While both explain death with a considerable weight, it may not be clear which one should be more prominent. For instance, whichever way a person dies, biology has a critical role to play. The heart will stop beating, the brain will stop functioning, and blood will stop flowing through the blood vessels. Sociologically, Fleming and Dickinson, explain that the death of any individual must leave some role holes. One then wonders which perspective is more powerful. The primary strength of the book is that it prominently makes use of real life examples – which make the theories and explanations, not only more understandable but also real and capable of being related to the contemporary society. Among the most notable is the illustration given by Dickinson about his father and the dying Hereford bull. Such real experiences make the reader understand that death is a unique experience for all individuals. The death of every individual is surrounded by some unique circumstances. The second strength of this book is that it addresses all perspectives of the dying process – medical, biological, sociological, religious, and philosophical. These are the key perspectives and addressing them makes the book appear wholesome. Another noteworthy aspect of the book is the fact that it gives historical perspectives – which enable an individual to understand why people currently view death as they do. The most notable negatives of the book revolve around the fact that its sociological perspectives are so much inclined to the American society. Considering that the book is available to and read by people from all world cultures, it is understood that the book has some degree of irrelevancy because not all readers belong to or understand the American culture. Another weakness is that it, like many books before it, fails to define life and death di stinctively. This makes it difficult for the reader to understand exactly what death is, especially in the biological sense. The gaps left, in terms of definitions are many, but revolve around the presence of different viewpoints. Even so, the strengths outweigh the weaknesses. Action Reading the book Understanding dying, death and bereavement has really enabled me to grow. I have attained substantial growth in terms of understanding the dynamics of death and grieving. Whil...

Change the American Philosophy on Consumerism and the...

The best solution to the mortgage crisis America is facing today is both easy . . . and difficult to execute. The solution is two-pronged: change the American philosophy on consumerism and debt while also making concrete changes in the way the lending industry works. Both demand taking a long-term view in order to be successful. A New Philosophy Changing one’s philosophy is easy, but putting it into practice on a daily basis is not. One needs to employ will-power, diligence and the ability to think long-term, all virtues that fell by the wayside long ago in America. Anymore, Americans get what they want, when they want it from a seemingly infinite list of choices and it is all purchased with credit. Americans pay for their immediate†¦show more content†¦As with any business, the savviest professionals are those who are truly educated in their field, and in the case of sales, their products. Not only did banks offer exotic loans that were generally not sagacious for most Americans, but individual salespeople didn’t necessarily understand their products (let alone buyers) which made for a risky combination that led to the current crisis. People signed on the dotted line without understanding what they were committing to, and those employed to guide them through the process were no more versed in the products themselves. Enforcing more stringent certification requirements for individual loan officers would help salespeople to better understand their products, making them more capable of guiding clients into the best fit loans. Finally, in addition to increasing the level of training required for loan officers, it would be beneficial for borrowers to demonstrate a certain level of understanding of what they are committing to. The costs of owning a home are more complicated than a mortgage alone; with the purchase of a mortgage comes the commitment to pay taxes, home owner’s association fees and other hidden costs, not to mention the fact that a person with a mortgage can get a home equity line of credit. Education programs that could be offered through lenders would beShow MoreRelatedThe American Foreclosure Crisis Essay examples2296 Words   |  10 PagesForeclosure is a dreadful aspect of home-owning. The American foreclosure crisis, and its subsequent economic rece ssion, was caused by lateral misguidance on part of private banks, the federal government, and by the millions of people who purchased their homes on credit. 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Children With Disabilities Education Act - 2090 Words

Children with disabilities are able to receive special education and related services from age 3 through their 21st birthday. These services are mandated under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (U.S. Department of Education, 2007). School divisions are required by law to provide transition services to all children with disabilities who receive special education services in order to make the transition successful. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) receive special education services, thus they are provided with transition services in order to function successfully in adulthood (Wagner, 2006). IDEA 2004 ensures that all children with disabilities have access to a free and appropriate education, along with special education services that prepare them for further education, employment, and independent living. Once students have completed their free and appropriate education; postsecondary education, employment, and independent living usually follows. IDEA 2004 states that transition planning should help students enter vocational education, postsecondary education, community participation, adult services, independent living, integrated employment, and/or continuing and adult education. Therefore, schools are mandated to provide transition services in order to prepare students with disabilities for transition (U.S. Department of Education, 2007). According to the 2004 revision of IDEA, transition services are, â€Å"A results-oriented process thatShow MoreRelatedChildren With Disabilities Education Act Essay1450 Words   |  6 Pageswill review a scenario in which a seasoned high school principal refuses a disabled student education due to extraordinary expense and a view that the school might not be the best placement for Jonathan. 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Medha Patkar Essay Example For Students

Medha Patkar Essay Hunger strike On 28th March, 2006, Medha went on a hunger strike, in protest of the decision taken by the authorities, to increase the height of the Narmada dam. The strike continued for a long period of 20 days and finally came to an end on April 17, 2006. The Supreme Court rejected the plea of Narmada Bachao Andolan to stop the construction of the dam. To know the complete life history of Medha Patkar, read on. Detainment by Police On December 2, 2006, Medha was arrested by the police at Singur in West Bengal, for her active involvement in the protest against getting the hold of farmland. She was detained, because the police officers thought that, she might provoke people, thus leading to law and order problem. Foreign Fund and Anti-National Activities The Madhya Pradesh Government alleged the Narmada Bachao Andolan of receiving foreign funds and using them for unclear purposes. They claimed that, the money that was obtained was being used by the organization to hamper the rehabilitation process. During the early nineties Medha Patkar started gaining national and international attention for her efforts in the movement. Awards and Honors †¢She was a recipient of Right Livelihood Award (1991) M. A. Thomas National Human Rights Award (1999) †¢Deena Nath Mangeshkar Award †¢Mahatma Phule Award †¢Goldman Environment Prize †¢Green Ribbon Award †¢Human Rights Defenders Award Biography Medha Patkar (Marathi: , born December 1, 1954) is a Indian social activist. She is known for her role in Narmada Bachao Andolan. Medha Patkar is a well known soc ial activist of India. She was born on 1st December in the year 1954 in Mumbai, India to Indu and Vasant Khanolkar, a trade union. She was raised by politically and socially active parents. Her father ctively fought in the Indian Independence Movement. Medhas mother was a member of Swadar, an organization setup to help and assist women suffering difficult circumstances arising out of financial, educational, and health related problems. Her parents activism played a role in shaping her philosophical views.. Prior to becoming a social reformer, she completed her M. A. in Social Work from Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS). She left Ph. D. in the midst and got actively involved in the agitations conducted by tribals and peasants of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. This paved way for the formation of the organization named Narmada Bachao Andolan. Narmada Bachao Andolan began as a fight for information about the Narmada Valley Development Projects and continued as a fight for just rehabilitation for the lakhs of people to be ousted by the Sardar Sarovar Dam and other large dams along the Narmada river. Eventually when it became clear that the magnitude of the project precluded accurate assessment of damages and losses, and that rehabilitation was impossible, the movement challenged the very basis of the project and questioned its claim to development. . Veteran of several fasts, monsoon satyagrahas on the banks of the rising Narmada, her uncompromising insistence on the right to life and livelihood has compelled the post-Independence generation in India as well as around the world to revisit the basic questions of natural resources, human rights, environment, and development. Facing police beatings and many jail terms on the way, she continues t o believe in the best of people and the democratic system. She has won over police and even government officers through her simple faith in justice and comprehensive analysis of the facts. She has served as a Commissioner to the World Commission on Dams, Taking up a two-pronged approach of sangharsh (struggle) and nirman (constructive work), Medha tai has worked with villagers and community groups to develop alternatives in energy, water harvesting, and education for tribal children. The Reva Jeevanshala, using both state and local syllabus taught by local teachers in the local language, is a system of 9 residential schools and 4 day-schools in the tribal villages of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f , .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .postImageUrl , .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f , .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f:hover , .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f:visited , .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f:active { border:0!important; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f:active , .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u925be3eca102ce211e9b2e24cd3e545f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sex Education And The Classroom EssayHighlights : Medha Patkar . She built foundation of human rights movement in India through Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA). NBA started as a fight to seek information about the Narmada Valley Development Projects has inspired numerous human rights movements in India and worldwide ever since. Adding entirely different dimension to leadership Sangharsh (struggle) and Nirman (constructive Work) Medha Patkar brings up a broader vision to seek micro-to-macro, local-to-global linkage. As a result of her dualistic thinking and acting, she helped create National Alliance of Peoples Movement (NAPM) a collaboration of various organizations across India to collectively organize around issues like, globalization, neoliberalism, and sustainable development. However, one of her greatest rewards came in 1995 from the Supreme Court of India. Previously, in 1994 Supreme Court gave permission to increase height of the dam on Narmada river in some areas. NBA filed a petition to stop construction of the dam on the grounds of its inconsistent economic planning, severe environmental hazards and lack of rehabilitation plan for the citizens whose livelihoods were connected to that land. Supreme Court, in 1995, ruled in favour of NBA by stopping construction until Government could come up with a coherent plan. However, NBAs work is relentlessly going on by supporting the villages and communities in that area with alternative energy, education, water harvesting and several other things. And this inspirational journey of M

Essay Examples on Emancipation Proclamation Essay Example

Essay Examples on Emancipation Proclamation Paper 1st Essay Sample on Emancipation Proclamation The year is 1863. The United States is entering into the third year of the War of Northern Aggression.Already hundreds of thousands of lives have already been lost by the United States alone in this bloodiest war the World has ever seen.President Lincoln is posed with a serious problem.Not only is he losing his grip in the South more and more every day, but the threat that Great Britain will join the War on the side of the Confederacy is an ever looming threat.France makes similar threats, but no one pays attention to the French.Lincoln must not only find a way to keep the British out of the fight, but he must do it while fighting off fits of laughter at the thought that France might ever actually attack the United States. So on January 1st, 1863 shortly after a much needed victory at Shiloh, President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, a document freeing slaves in territories that have seceded from the Untied States.This document changed the face of History by keeping th e British out of the War and preserving the Union.By making the war an issue of slavery, Lincoln effectively kept the British out of the war, for Britain had just abolished slavery in their country.And how could a country that had just abolished slavery purely on moral grounds, fight to preserve slavery in another State?And with the threat of British involvement gone, the French realized they might actually have to confront the Americans and turned tail and fled. In spite of the tremendous effects abroad, the Proclamation was not received nearly as well at home.Southerners were of course outraged at the presumptuousness of the Federal government to exert this kind of power, the very reason for which they had started the war to begin with.Additionally, the Rebels felt that this was an attack on their way of life, and realized this would eliminate all chances of compromise. 2nd Essay Sample on Emancipation Proclamation Doctors are often looked up to as miracle workers, they heal people, not hurt them. This was not at all true during the Holocaustin Germany, they could even be perceived as the devils advocates. Throughout history, doctors have indeed performed many wonders. There were, however, some doctors that betrayed this belief and peoples trust. These doctors could be found in concentration camps such as Auschwitz and Dachau. These doctors committed unspeakable acts against the Jews, homosexuals, and many other minorities, some doctors even believing that they were conducting helpful experiments. Following the holocaust, however, some of them were punished for their actions. Between 1939 and 1945, more than seventy medical research projects and medical experiments were conducted at Auschwitz and Dachau.Over two hundred doctors participated in such research projects and experiments, sentencing between 70,000 and 100,000 people, held against their will, to death through experimentation. These were mostly Jews, homosexuals and other minorities. They were thought to be inferior to the human race. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Emancipation Proclamation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Emancipation Proclamation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Emancipation Proclamation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Such practices became widely accepted and embraced by the Germans, due to the Nazis propaganda. The experiments conducted were diverse, but could be categorized in three classes. Thefirst class of experiments was conducted for the Nazi High Command.These experiments dealt with survival and rescue. They involved freezing and extreme temperatures as well as the ingestion of sea water and altitude changes.The freezing experiments were divided into two parts. Thefirst was to see how long it would take to lower body temperature, and the next to decide how to best resuscitate a frozen victim.The doctors would submerge a naked victim in an icy vat of water.They would insert and insulated thermometer into the victims rectum in order to monitor his or her body temperature. 3rdEssay Sample on Emancipation Proclamation The Emancipation Proclamation On September 22,1862 President Abraham Lincolnfirst issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation. This document stated that slaves would be free with some exceptions. Earlier at a July 22, 1862, cabinet meeting, the president announced that he had decided to declare the emancipation of Southern slaves. The enlistment of 29,000 blacks in the Union army of the civil war forced Lincoln to make that important decision. Then on New Year’s Day, January 1,1863, he declared that slaves held in southern states, â€Å"Shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.† But slaves in the Border States of Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, Kentucky and about all of the Northern states were exempt from this policy. Also for Southern slaves to be truly free they must escape to the North. The statement also included that former slaves refrain from all violence unless in self-defense. In addition, that they faithfully work for reasonable labor wages. President Lincoln further declares that slaves of suitable condition will be accepted in the United States armed forces. The Emancipation Proclamation received many different responses just here in the North. Slaveholders in Union states were glad that they could keep their slaves. Abolitionists and Radical Republicans hailed Lincoln’s actions as a omen of slavery’s death. While other Northerners were concerned that freeing millions of formerly enslaved African-Americans would cause mass unemployment and unrest, and objected almost as strongly as the South. But this has recently changed as Union soldiers have begun to see that blacks in the army can help win the Civil War. Two major effects have risen due to the Proclamation. One is that European sympathy has increased, and the possibility of Europe aiding the South in its â€Å"cotton diplomacy† has failed.

A Profile of Paul Williams, Architect to the Stars

A Profile of Paul Williams, Architect to the Stars During an age when racial prejudice ran strong, Paul Revere Williams (born February 18, 1894 in Los Angeles) overcame barriers and became a favored architect in Southern California. In 1923, he was the first Black architect to become a member of the national professional organization, the American Institute of Architects (AIA), and he rose to become a Fellow in 1957 (FAIA). In 2017, Williams posthumously received the Institutes highest honor, the AIA Gold Medal. Paul Williams was orphaned when he was four - his brother and parents died of tuberculosis - but his artistic talents were supported and encouraged by his new foster family. His non-Black public school teachers, however, gave little encouragement to Williams, citing the perceived difficulties of a Negro pursuing an architecture career within a largely white community. Nevertheless, he enrolled in the local engineering school and graduated in 1919 from the University of Southern California. He went on to New York City to become one of the first Black students to attend the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design, an architectural experience modeled after the curriculum of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Williams was ambitious and self-assured after such rigorous study and especially after winning an important architecture competition when he was only 25. He opened his own practice back in LA when he was 28. As a Black American, Paul Williams faced many social and economic barriers. Williams clients were mostly white. In the moment that they met me and discovered they were dealing with a Negro, I could see many of them freeze, he wrote in American Magazine. My success during those first few years was founded largely upon my willingness - anxiety would be a better word - to accept commissions which were rejected as too small by other, more favored, architects. Much of what we know about Williams process is from this 1937 essay, I Am a Negro. He took to heart what he had been told about clients - that Black people couldnt afford architects and white people wouldnt hire a Black architect. So, he developed tricks to be less intrusive, almost subservient to potential white clients - most famously, he elegantly sketched upside-down to showcase his ideas to white clients while maintaining a physical distance. Perhaps it is this understanding of space that made this architect so successful. He used both physical and psychological tactics - he would consciously stand in a non-threatening posture with both hands behind his back while explaining that he normally doesnt take on projects in the lower price ranges, but hed be glad to offer some ideas. Williams most famously has said If I allow the fact that I am a Negro to checkmate my will to do, now, I will inevitably form the habit of being defeated. Being Black in a segregated industry led Paul Williams to develop salesmanship and become politically active. He joined the Los Angeles Planning Commission and he became the first Black member of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). In 1957, he was the first Black architect elected to the prestigious AIA College of Fellows (FAIA). Paul Williams collaborated with other architects on many of his larger, public projects, most famously for his role in designing the Theme Building at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). Some of Williams projects were with architect A. Quincy Jones, who worked with Williams from 1939 to 1940. Although the iconic, futuristic LAX structure is high profile architecture, Williams designed thousands of private homes in Southern California - many of the most beautiful houses in Hollywood are sold an resold to the ongoing star-making machine surrounding Hollywood. Williams designed homes for Lucille Ball, Bert Lahr, and Frank Sinatra, and he became close friends with Danny Thomas, for whom he did pro bono work for St. Jude Childrens Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee. While there is no one distinctive look to his buildings, Paul Williams became known for designs that were stylized and elegant. The architect borrowed ideas from the past without using excessive ornamentation. He could make a Tudor Revival mansion look like a manor house on the outside and a cozy bungalow on the inside. Paul Revere Williams retired in 1973 and died in the city of his birth on January 23, 1980 in Los Angeles, California. Although few documents from his practice have survived, architectural scholars have compiled extensive records of Paul Williams life and works, including contracts, letters from clients, plans, and materials related to specific projects. Photographs, bibliographies, and other resources are posted online by the Paul R. Williams Project, coordinated by AIA Memphis, the University of Memphis, and other organizations. In the 1940s, Williams published two small books of plans that have remained in print. Also, author Karen E. Hudson, the granddaughter of the architect, has been documenting Williams life and work. The Small Home of Tomorrow by Paul R. WilliamsNew Homes for Today by Paul R. WilliamsPaul R. Williams Architect: a legacy of style by Karen Hudson, Rizzoli, 2000The Will and the Way: Paul R. Williams, Architect by Karen Hudson, Rizzoli, 1994 (for ages 8-12)Paul R. Williams: Classic Hollywood Style by Karen Hudson, Rizzoli, 2012 Sources Early African-American Members of the AIA (PDF); 2017 AIA Gold Medal, AIA.org; Architect of Hope, St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital; Williams the Conqueror by Shashank Bengali, University of Southern California Public Relations, 2/01/04

Self reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Self reflection - Essay Example I observed that choosing the appropriate equipment for would care and explaining the necessity of such a task to the patients took a long time but interesting. It is quite helpful to be aware of the determinants of health as far as the 3EB patients are concerned: I spend some time identifying the socio-economic factors that may affect the quality of nursing treatment they received. I also looked at their physical environments and their personality/characteristics in order to determine the appropriate nursing attention that would be of utmost usefulness to them. I worked hard on my communication skill as I gently prodded the patients to voice out their concerns. I was able to achieve some success in this regard because I showed absolute interest in the patients and expressed my willingness to help them by actively listening to their health-related complaints (Thomas & Pollio, 2002). I adjusted my tone to the patients’ so as to win their hearts and trust. In the course of this process, I was able to quickly pass their requirements to other health officials that were directly connected to their treatment. I realized that the individual factors could either hinder or assist the smooth application of clinical treatment on the patients (Thomas & Pollio, 2002). If I have decided to be selfish and uncaring, the patient would be reluctant to communicate with me. But since both the patient and I felt the individual responsibility to communicate meaningfully, it was possible to elicit vital information that would help the patient to recover. I reckoned that the bulk of nursing activities I carried out at 3 EB required that I first of all paid serious attention to the patients’ needs, and then mapped out my solutions to whatever health problems using my mini care plan. This involved collective action from both the patient and I: I was ready to help, and the patient was ready to be submissive to my care. I also learned about the importance of time management and

Relevant theories use in CESIM simulation program Essay

Relevant theories use in CESIM simulation program - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that among the marketing theories applicable to marketing the brand of mobile phones includes the game theory, signaling, and innovation theories among many others. Just as the name suggests, game theory analyses the position and effects of competition on the success and profitability of a brand. The theory asserts that a business must strive to achieve the best and most preferred outcomes despite the competition. Marketers must, therefore, observe the behaviors and product features of their competitors in order to develop appropriate brands to counter such. Signaling just as with the game theory advises marketers to observe the actions of the competition, this way it becomes possible for the marketer to position his product strategically. Innovation theory, on the other hand, requires marketers to develop creative products in order to influence the reception of the brand in the market. Marketing a mobile phone requires marketers to conside r the theories thereby positioning the product strategically. Besides the marketing theories, marketers must employ several other strategies to enhance the positioning of the product in order to enhance productivity as the discussion below portrays. Marketing is a fundamental management function whose primary objective is to determine, anticipate, and satisfy the market demand. By doing this, the marketing team meets the current demand while influencing effective production in view of increasing its market share.

The Unlikely Tragic Hero Essay Example for Free

The Unlikely Tragic Hero Essay In his essay on tragedy, Arthur Miller once wrote the tragic feeling is evoked in us when we are in the presence of a character who is ready to lay down his life, if need be, to secure one thinghis sense of personal dignity. This insightful view of the common mans ability to be a tragic hero is emblematic of the female protagonist, Mrs. Alving, in Henrik Ibsens controversial drama Ghosts. In her fight to pull her family together and become the archetypal wife Mrs. Alving learns of lifes tragedies- she loses everything she loves and all she has built in the name of dignity. Regardless of the deleterious internal effects on her psyche, Mrs. Alving protects and uphold her values. She respects marriage; she knew her husband was unfaithful, yet Mrs. Alving did not end the relationship as she wanted to uphold her matrimonial vows. She recalls soon after, I heard Alving come in too. I heard him say something softly to her. And then I heard oh! it still sounds in my ears, so hateful and yet so ludicrous I heard my own servant-maid whisper, Let me go, Mr. Alving! Let me be!' (1.405). Though she fights to understand the truth, she has nobly held her tongue to save her boy and let her husband die honorably. Although she believes it is a bad idea to leave the newly built orphanage uninsured, she protects Manders from public indignation by complying with his anti insurance idea; this becomes a regrettable decision when the orphanage burns down. She still respects Manders ability to function under the laws of society, but when he makes note of the ignominious progressive books she has been reading Mrs. Alving becomes defensive. She explains, here, in my loneliness, I have come to the same way of thinking, Pastor Manders. But I have never dared to say anything (1.351). While she has a strong belief in progressive ideas, Mrs. Alving would never shame her family by outwardly expressing them. Mrs. Alving respects her family enough to realize they will be hurt if she does not hold everything together. She imparts only fond memories of Mr. Alving to her son Oswald and reminds him of the familial ties which they must live by. As Oswald refers to his father saying, and yet he managed to do so much in the world; so much that was good and useful; although he died so early the reader realizes how delusional his vision of his father is (1.295). Deeply obliged to both her son and her late husband, Mrs. Alving fights to cover up the truth of her marriage and provide the best for her son, striving to protect his innocence and morality. She believes she can save her son from anything, though as her marital situation worsened she could not bear the thought of keeping her son in such an environment, she explains I had to bear it for my little boys sake. But when the last insult was added; when my own servant-maid; then I swore to myself: This shall come to an end! (1.411). She did not want him to suffer from the actions of his father, thus she sends him abroad. Continually fighting to protect those around her, Mrs. Alving only hurts herself in the process. She invites Captain Alvings lovechild, Regina, to live and work in their home to ensure she receives a fair education. It is only later that she becomes aware of her son and Reginas relations- an incestual relationship made possible by Mrs. Alvings kindness to the young Regina by letting her live in their home. In behaving under the societal guidelines and ignoring her husbands despicable actions, Mrs. Alving only pushed him further away. The absence of a faithful husband created a perpetual loneliness in Mrs. Alving and though she found peace of mind in sending her son Oswald abroad, his absence devastated her and their relationship would never be repaired. Plagued by the internal guilt of her husbands unfaithfulness, Mrs. Alving concludes that their environment pushed her to become the societal faà §ade of a wife. By viewing life through societys vantage point, Mrs Alving became a dutiful wife, who unfortunately fell into the mechanic motions of a wifes day-to-day duties. Upon realizing her fault, she apologizes to her son saying, they had taught me a great deal about duties and so forth, which I went on obstinately believing in. Everything was marked out into duties into my duties, and his duties, and I am afraid I made his home intolerable for your poor father, Oswald(3.122). Mrs. Alving sees how she added to her husbands unhappiness and thus tries to make up for his wrongdoings. She dedicates the orphanage to him, even though he was unfaithful to her. She believes in showing respect, and making sure her husband is remembered in the light which others knew him. She believes she will have fixed everything once she rids herself and her family of the true memories of her husband. The morality of societys ability to coerce the family unit to function under traditionally acceptable conditions has been questioned throughout history. Henrik Ibsen enables his readers to become aware of the horrible truths that lie behind closed doors in his contentious 1881 Norwegian drama, Ghosts. Mrs. Alving suffers from the conflict between the external pressures of society battling what she believes is moral. Her societal training has taught her how to gracefully handle any situation- sweep your troubles under the rug and wait for them to creep out when you are most vulnerable. The tragic events she faces throughout this play result in the domino effect which stems from the intricate web of society-pleasing lies she has spun since marrying Captain Alving. Eventually Mrs. Alving comes to the understanding that societal dignity is not a panacea; ones ability to complete the tasks of a dutiful wife will not save a marriage, will not show a child love, nor will it create a fairytale ending. Mrs. Alving does not live happily ever after, rather she is left isolated. She will continue on in her dignified lonesome state of living.

the yellow wallpaper -- essays research papers fc

Tyer 1 Drew Tyer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jennifer McCune ENGL 1312 24 February 2005 No Work and No Play Makes Jane a Dull Girl   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jane in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was â€Å"touched† as some say long before she was prescribed, and administered the â€Å"rest cure† by her husband for her then unknown ailment now called postpartum depression. The boredom and isolation of this cure only allowed her mind to venture farther down a dark and winding corridor of insanity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jane has recently had a child and is experiencing what we know today as postpartum depression. Back in the 1800's doctors had no understanding of these symptoms, so they chalked it all up to a temporary nervous depression. This was cured by a treatment called the â€Å"rest cure† popularized by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell. This remedy consisted mainly of isolation and bed rest. We now know that this does nothing to promote a healthy mind or body. But, at the time this was the best-known cure.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a child Jane had hallucinations, â€Å"I used to lie awake as a child and get more entertainment and terror out of blank walls and plain furniture than most children could find in a toy-store.†(Gilman 593). This sort of behavior is more than just your average child’s rampant imagination. This is truly the sound of someone who is delusional and needs some form of psychological counseling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This overly active quasi delusional behavior followed Jane to adulthood, and was noticed but dismissed as pure silliness by her husband even before the baby came about, â€Å"... he says that Tyer 2 with my imaginative power and habit of story-making, a nervous weakness like mine is sure to lead to all manner of excited fancies...†(Gilman 592) Anytime Jane acted a little bit weird he would just say it was her hyperactive imagination at work again. Little did he know the depths of her problems that were to become evident over the next three months.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The demons in her mind first began to attack her psyche about ... ...traits of a mentally unstable individual. The â€Å"rest cure† coupled with the postpartum depression   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tyer 4 she was experiencing merely accelerated the mental flaws she had, and brought about the inevitable. The cure had taken an already frangible mind and thrown it into complete and total disarray.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tyer 5 Works Cited Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper.† Literature: An Introduction to Reading And Writing. 7th ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. 2004. 590-600.

Is knowledge management a fad? Essay

Abstract Knowledge management is a broad term that includes tools and theories from various fields. T.D. Wilson had been impeaching the need for knowledge management and he had come to the conclusion that knowledge management is just a fad started by consultancy companies and IT/ICT departments. This paper examines the righteousness of this proclamation and provides explanations and specifications of some conclusions that had T.D. Wilson provided in his work â€Å"The nonsense of ‘knowledge management’†. Is knowledge management a fad? 1 The need of KM in information society With the instantaneous global information sharing is arising the need of knowledge management. This is based on the evolution and transformation of society. Every year the amount of the whole human knowledge is doubled. The role of information in current organization has transferred from peripheral and incidental to central and fundamental. Management is no longer supervising their employees, but instead is prioritizing feedback from the employees and therefore the function of the manager has shifted from pure decision making to information processing (Brunet-Thorton, 2010). Information society is characterized by the interconnection of information sources, the ease of transferring categorizing and saving information with the help of applied use of data digitalization. In the definition of information society has the large importance the fact that inner telecommunication structures are more and more dependent on outer telecommunication systems. An example of this interconnectedness can be the internet, which is for our society nearly indispensable. And therefore is enabling the impressive growth of communicational and informational business organizations. With the beginning of the 21st century we can observe strong globalization tendencies – huge networks if users, which are able to communicate and share information without the presence of third persons. This way the volume and amount of knowledge information and data is astonishingly expanding. The communication infrastructure is slowly becoming the infrastructure used for knowledge sharing. The information society is indirectly enabling smaller companies and businesses to get involved in global trade market. For accomplishing their business objectives, these companies can get advantage in using new paths for trading such as on time production and delivery, online publishing, teleworking and network based virtual teams. The rapid evolution of information-globalized market is supporting the transformation to perfect market – from the economical perspective. New businesses opportunities are emerging form these technology shortcuts. Specific examples from the present can be Google or Facebook, which have so far used the information globalization most prospectively. Information society can bring new paths to advance the economy and contribute to increasing the number of highly skilled jobs, but at the expense of reducing the number of working positions with lower or no qualifications. A key factor is the role of education and retraining of unskilled workers, especially in government and public administration. This is closely related to other difficulties emerging from information society – safety and protection of information. You will need to modify the legislation together with the development and emergence of new information technologies. The fight against cyber-crimes, data protection, information privacy, i.e., to prevent fraud with the certification authorities and prevent the spread of malicious code should be a top priority in the developing information society. 2 Data, Information, Knowledge We can define data as a â€Å"crude facts relating to things and events that have not been processed or organised† (Thorton, 2010). An example can be database filled with numbers. Without knowing the context – what the abbreviations describing each column mean we cannot get any information from these data. Another example can be a text in a foreign language. Without knowing this language we are not able to transform data (characters) into any information (meaning of whole words and sentences) and consequently we are not able to obtain any knowledge from this text. Data become information, when they havebeen manipulated permitting its meaning to be understood. (Thorton, 2010) One of the tons of definitions of knowledge is: â€Å"Knowledge is directly related to understanding and is gained through the interpretation of information. Knowledge enables us to interpret information i.e. derive meaning from data. The interpretation of meaning is framed by the perceiver’s knowledge.â€Å" (Mark Sharratt & Abel Usoro, 2003, p.188). The definition of knowledge management becomes more interesting then definition of knowledge, because of the various views on this term as Wilson points out (Wilson, 2002, What is ‘knowledge management’?, para. 1). Despite the recent lack of agreement on what is meant by knowledge management, the definitions of knowledge management aim at three core components of knowledge management: knowledge/information repositories, communities and networks and experts and knowers. (Chatti & Jarke & Frosch-Wilke, 2007, page 406) 3 Tacit explicit and implicit knowledge Wilson has also raised the question about explicit knowledge. He is literally asking the reader â€Å"Does it make any difference to the argument if, in the diagram, we replace â€Å"tacit knowledge† with â€Å"knowledge† and â€Å"explicit knowledge† with â€Å"information†?† He is not answering his question, so it may seem unanswered, but while reading the whole paragraph, which is quite critical to the established distinction between explicit knowledge and information, I stopped looking for the answer, because it quite evident that this question is just rhetorical. Other authors are fairly more specific about the term of explicit knowledge. One of the views is offering Stenmark: The fact that routines, procedures, rules, manuals, books, blueprints, and all the other examples given above are useful does not make it knowledge. They all need knowledge to be decoded and are therefore not knowledge but information, albeit interwoven with the knowledge required to create it. Knowledge, which remains tacit, is also needed to interpret the information. Although some argue that â€Å"knowledge† may be embedded in a text (e.g., a balance sheet where columns and totals have predefined meanings), the reader cannot appreciate it without bringing the required personal knowledge (2002, page 6). As a conclusion I think a can say that the term explicit knowledge can be used synonymously with information. 4 Knowledge in VSE courses In order to show the importance and purport of knowledge management I am presenting here the syllabuses of few courses from The University of Economics, Prague that engaged with knowledge. 4IZ210 – Information and Knowledge Processing Aims of the course: To familiarize students with basic methods for both information storage and retrieval, as well as for acquisition and processing of formalized knowledge. Furthermore, the aim is to highlight the interrelationship of these areas and outline anticipated developments. Learning outcomes and competences: Find and process information about companies and present the processed information, especially for analysis of the competitive environment. The emphasis is put on working with electronic information resources. Apply the selected method for knowledge discovery in databases on a given data and publish acquired knowledge to an expert. The emphasis is put on working with association rules. Understand the basic methods selected for processing information and knowledge within presented subjects. Course contents: The method for storing and retrieving information, methods of obtaining and processing of formalized knowledge, solving practical problems. (4IZ210 syllabus, n.d.) This course is dealing with all free levels of intelligence produced by humans: data information and knowledge. Student should be able to distinguish between these three easily and they should also be capable of transforming one to another. 3MA661 – Management of Knowledge Workers Aims of the course:Introduce students to modern tools and methods of management convenient for management of knowledge workers. Demonstrate those tools and methods in real life corporate situations. Learning outcomes and competences: distinguish between tacit and explicit dimension of knowledge, use basic tools for work with explicit and tacit knowledge, identify knowledge workers in organization and classify them to groups in relation to their importance for organization and style of work, manage and develop knowledge workers in relation to their personality type, manage personal development of knowledge workers, initiate and manage process of knowledge sharing among knowledge workers, create visions and get the support of knowledge workers for them. Aims of the course:Explain importance of knowledge for business and management. Present key concepts and processes of knowledge management and demonstrate them on case studies. Explain the term tacit knowledge and teach students to work with it. (3MA661 syllabus, n.d.) This syllabus is quite unspecific about specifying knowledge management tools used for managing knowledge workers. It seems, just from the text of this syllabus that this course is overlapping with majority of the topics with the Knowledge management course. 4SA320 Information Management Basics Aims of the course: Course offers basic theoretical background as well as practical application of information management. It presents information management as multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary science, which integrates knowledge in three areas – modern management, system approach and informatics. The content of the course accents global overview of the information society, its development and presents main topics of managerial work in conditions of actual information society. Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to know the legal frame of information society in conditions of the CR, work with components of Integrated Management System, actively know how to use basics of knowledge management in the area of enterprise informatics. (4SA320 syllabus, n.d.) I absolved this course last year. From the syllabus it seems that student will have to do lots of with knowledge. So thought I, and although I wasn’t really able to tell much difference between information and knowledge, my expectations were aimed on knowledge – from my today’s point of view. But this course is purely focused on Information management. It peeks more into technological and legal fields than in management of knowledge itself. And as the last I would like to present not a course of The University of Economics, Prague but a student’s site called vseborec.cz. It’s not primarily a knowledge management tool, but rather an information sharing site. But from simple sharing site for student’s notes to lectures it has developed to a ‘database of student knowledge’. It’s quite interesting that has expanded to today’s proportions thanks to the sharing and unselfish naturel of students on a school which aim is to teach its student to compete and not to share. You can find out what will be the professor and his lectures like even before enlisting in the course. 5 Web searches analyse To support or refuse the formulation of Wilson that knowledge management is just a fad (2001, â€Å"Conclusion†, pa. 1) I made an analyse of web searches on Google in the period of the last six years. If the term ‘knowledge management’ is in the business world used just as a synonym for the term ‘information management’ the total amount of searches for the term’ knowledge management’ should be increasing to the prejudice of the term ‘information management’. The absolute amount of web searches for both, the information and knowledge management, has been obviously decreasing in the period of the years 2004 and 2007. The drop of searches is simultaneous for both of the terms, therefore we cannot say that knowledge management is replacing information management, at least in the sphere of web searching. Among the most popular places around the world for searching the term knowledge management in the period of last 12 months is leading South Africa followed by Kenya Malaysia and India. But in the year 2004 in the top ten places for web searching ‘Knowledge management’ we can find countries such as United Kingdom, Italy and Australia. The shift of popularity from western countries to African and Asian areas is evident. (Google Insights, 2010) Graph 1 Web search worldwide (Google Insights, 2010) This is the conclusion that has T.D. Wilson come up with: â€Å"The inescapable conclusion of this analysis of the ‘knowledge management’ idea is that it is, in large part, a management fad, promulgated mainly by certain consultancy companies, and the probability is that it will fade away like previous fads.†(Wilson, 2002, â€Å"Conclusion†, para. 1). And according to my web searches analysis it really looks like that knowledge management is just a fad. The interest in knowledge management has been decreasing for the last six years. But I think that this is only due to the acceptance of knowledge management as such in western cultures and the simultaneous inception of knowledge management awareness not just in business world but also at universities and in a public sector. And due to this conclusion I presume that the growth of interest in knowledge management in South Africa, Kenya, India, Malaysia and other south Asian and African countries is because of the lack of general awareness about knowledge management and not because of the late arrival of â€Å"fashionable knowledge management† to less developed countries. 6 Reasons of knowledge management popularity rocketing Wilson presented in his paper five arguments, why he thinks that knowledge management has been experiencing such a boom in the past decade. Here are they: First, and largely because of a fixation on internal organizational data, the term ‘information’ has become almost synonymous with data in the minds of organizational heads. For example, I’ve been told that the National Electronic Library for Health uses the term ‘Knowledge’ because in the NHS information=data and a different term was needed. We have to lay this, I think, at the feet of the information systems profession whose focus for years was data and data definitions, etc. In fact, they dealt not with information systems but with data systems. (Wilson, 2001, pa. 2) This is, of course, misinterpretation of data and information. If is somebody using this terms incorrectly in one organization, that doesn’t mean that everybody else should take these terms as synonyms. Information systems are by definition â€Å"computerized tools that assist people in transforming data into information† (DiBiase, 2008) but data systems are just groups of facts presented in a specific order (pixels forming a picture, radio waves broadcasted at one frequency). Secondly, and opportunely for the software houses and IT firms, ‘km’ came along just as they were being hit by the wave of scepticism over the possibility of IT ever delivering more than problems – and certainly never likely to deliver productivity and performance. ‘Whoops, we’ve cracked it!’ cried the IBMs and MSofts of this world – ‘We should have been dealing with ‘knowledge’ all along, and now we are – Lotus Notes is no l onger groupware and personal information management, it’s KnowledgeWare!’ So they are happily marketing the same product under a new name. (Wilson, 2001, pa. 3) As I mentioned earlier, the term knowledge management is on its raise, not because of marketing strategy of IT/ICT companies, but because of its popularity increasing with the needs for better entitlement of the information society. Thirdly, the organization and management boys finally began to realise that all this text that people were creating on word-processors, etc., needed to be managed effectively and, indeed, organized, shared and disseminated more effectively, but they couldn’t use ‘information management’ because that was ‘information systems’ and data, wasn’t it? So it must be ‘knowledge’, right? If we can only get people to share their ‘knowledge’ performance must improve because it is the communication barriers that are preventing the free flow of ‘knowledge’ (i.e., information). So, now, every aspect of organization and management theory has to have a ‘knowledge’ dimension, other wise you aren’t in the game. In the literature, of course, this amounts to the token use of the term ‘knowledge management’ and the use of ‘knowledge’ as a synonym for ‘information’. (Wilson, 2001, pa. 4) Knowledge shouldn’t be used synonymously with information and I hope that this is not happening, at least at academic level. Also Wilson is not differentiating between data and information system which definitions are noted above. Fourthly, at the forefront of all this were the management consultancies – why? Because BPR and Organizational Learning were running out of steam. Amusingly, all organizational learning work appears to come under the heading of ‘km’ – more search and replace marketing. So, the consultancies grabbed at km in order to have something to sell at the end of the 90s. (Wilson, 2001, pa. 5) The consultancies are always looking for the needs of business market and therefore they should be reflecting the needs of this market, at least to some point, so this point might be valid on a small extent of a scale. Finally, most (or at least many) departments of information management or information science, and departments of information systems in academia, are somewhat low on the totem pole in most of their institutions, and each needs to differentiate itself from the other in order to try to work its way up that greasy pole, so both have seized on km as an aid in the struggle. I foresee turf-wars over which department, where there is one of each, has the right to run degrees in km. Where only one of the kind exists, it will seek to make km all-embracing of management, computer science, information systems, etc., etc. – because the logic leads nowhere else 🙂 ‘If we deal with knowledge – then how can anyone else presume to do so?’ (Wilson, 2001, pa. 6) The logic of Wilson leads nowhere else, because that is exactly what knowledge management is about: people, culture, technology, processes. The knowledge management is closer with its aim to the management and organization and the departments of information management are rising from IT/ICT fields so the need to go up should be also emerging from management places and not from information management departments. 7 Conclusion With the development of new technologies in information and communication sector the new term ‘knowledge management’ has begun to be used in business sector. The term as such is not useless and meaning less as suggested by Wilson in his research. Wilson is asking the readers in the conclusion of his paper:†If getting promotion, or holding your job, or finding a new one is based on the knowledge you possess – what incentive is there to reveal that knowledge and share it?†(2002, â€Å"Conclusion†, pa. 2). And my answer to this probably rhetorical question is: Your working experience, your social and cultural background and most importantly your education. From all of these you can predict the amount of knowledge one possesses. Although it cannot be evaluated by any empirical measures, the existing society is surviving without these accurate measurements and surprisingly she is doing quite well. This is not to say that enabling people to contribute effectively to the management of organizations is impossible and that sharing knowledge and enabling people to use their creativity in innovative ways in organizations is impossible – simply that it is very difficult, and that it does not reduce to some simplistic concept of ‘knowledge management’! It demands a change in business culture, from the macho Harvard Business School model, to something more thoughtful and understanding of what motivates human beings. Organizations need to learn to think about problems, rather than grab at proffered ‘solutions’ – which often turn out to be expensive side-tracks away from the main issues (Wilson, 2002, â€Å"Conclusion†, pa. 3). And that’s why knowledge management isn’t just a simplistic concept. It includes tools from various fields such as and uses them for improvement of knowledge culture within the organization. The slight decrease in popularity of knowledge management in the last six years shows not the recess of knowledge management as a fad, but it rather shows the wide acceptance of knowledge management in the western society. The views presented by Wilson are shocking and very easy to understand and that’s why I find this view presented by Wilson too simplistic and demagogic to some extent. References 3MA661 – Management of Knowledge Workers FPH – WS 2010/2011 course syllabus, (n.d.), The University of Economics, Prague, Retrieved from: https://isis.vse.cz/auth/katalog/syllabus.pl?predmet=68577 4SA320 – Information Management – Basic FIS – WS 2010/2011 course syllabus, (n.d.), The University of Economics, Prague, Retrieved from: https://isis.vse.cz/auth/katalog/syllabus.pl?predmet=68886 4IZ210 – Information and Knowledge Processing FIS WS 2010/2011 course syllabus, (n.d.), The University of Economics, Prague, Retrieved from: https://isis.vse.cz/auth/katalog/syllabus.pl?predmet=69183 Brunet-Thorton, R. (2010) Knowledge management. Presented at The University of Economics, Prague 3MA624 Knowledge Mangement lecture. 11th November Chatti, M.A. and Jarke, M. and Frosch-Wilke, D (2007) The future of e-learning: a shift to knowledge networking and social software. Int. J. Knowledge and Learning, Vol. 3, Nos. 4/5, 2007 Retrieved from: http://cites eerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.141.3202&rep=rep1&type=pdf DiBiase, D. (2008) Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access Glossary. Retrieved from: http://www.pasda.psu.edu/tutorials%5Coutreachglossary.asp Google Insights (2010) Retrieved from: http://www.google.com/insights/search/#q=knowledge%20management%2Cinformation%20management&cmpt=q Sharratt, M and Usoro, A. (2003). Understanding Knowledge-Sharing in Online communities of Practice. Page 188. Retrieved from: http://www.thestep.gr/trainmor/dat/%7B7a8f15e0-b7eb-404e-864a-ef0eb1403751%7D/article.pdf Stenmark, D. (2002), Information vs. Knowledge: The Role of intranets in Knowledge Management, Proceedings of the 35th Hawaii

The Negative View of Society in Wilfred Owens Poetry Essay

Dulce et Decorum est and Anthem for Doomed Youth are both written by Wilfred Owen, and both are written to show â€Å"the war [World War I] and the pity of war†. Owen does this by regaling very sad and often shocking poems that I believe are very effective in delivering their purpose. Both poems present negative views of society through tone and metaphors and Dulce et Decorum est also uses similes. A poem that presents a negative view on society is Dulce et Decorum est. It is a satirical poem about the old Latin saying it is entitled after. Through this poem Owen is trying to tell us that this old saying is a lie, and that war is much less glorious than many adults make it out to be. From the very first line â€Å"Bent double, like old beggars†¦show more content†¦The metaphors â€Å"the blood come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs† and â€Å"vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues† have the same effect as the similes through their unpleasant words; they are there to shock you, and they are so haunting that they amplify the effect of the satirical ending â€Å"Dulce et Decorum est pro patria mori.†, which means ‘it is sweet and fitting to die for your country’. Owen presents society negatively through this poem because in the poem we see that adults are lying to young men in order to get them to go to war, for example by using the saying â€Å"Dulce et Decorum est Pro patria mori†. By showing us how gruesome the war is, and then by explaining to us that the adults are telling children that it is sweet and fitting to die for your country, Owen is trying to show how society is almost tricking teenagers into wanting to go fight in the war. This obviously presents a negative view on society, but it serves Owen’s purpose of wanting to show the pity of war. Another poem which presents a negative view on society is Anthem for Doomed Youth. It is written as an extended metaphor for a soldier’s funeral rites during World War I. In this poem Owen reminds the reader that every one of the millions who died in the war was an individual, and each death brought with it immeasurable sadness and loss. It is written in two stanzas and firstShow MoreRelatedBritish World War I And Wilfred Owen s `` Anthem For Doomed Youth ``941 Words   |  4 PagesBritish World War I soldiers Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sassoon both have a similar approach to World War I poetry, however, Owen is the more effective writer. Owen’s poetry is heavily influenced by Sassoon’s, but Sassoon’s poetry entails very gruesome imagery in great detail. In Owen’s poems, he describes the pleasures of life being deadened because of the war and denies the expectations of the war from society. Sassoon’s poems are far more depressing and visual with descriptive words but seem toRead MoreThe Heroism Of The Men1328 Words   |  6 Pagesnotion war and of the battle that was fought on the battlefield in his poem The Charge of the Light Brigade, subsequently, the intent of battle was for the glory of a cause or nation and to remember the bravery of those who fought. On the other, hand Wilfred Owen s poem Dulce et Decorum Est was the opposite, anti-romanticism of war, he too did not want the bravery of the men to be lost forever. Each of the poems praised the heroism of the men, one written in a military cadence, and the other writtenRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Way Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen Approach the Subject of War2244 Words   |  9 Pagessoldier faces his destiny with courage. Read more: http://bookstove.com/poetry/the-poetry-and-poets-of-world-war-one/#ixzz1ASCQ2NwC Writing has always been a tool for reflecting and commenting on society. During the 20th century many poets reacted to problems in the world with highly emotionally charged poems. The horror of war and the spiritual degradation it inflicts is evident in the work of the World War I poets. Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) and Siegfried Sassoon (1886-1967) were both soldiers andRead MoreComparing An Irish Airman Foresees His Death by WB Yeats and Anthem for Doomed Youth by Wilfred Owen1275 Words   |  6 PagesYouth by Wilfred Owen WB Yeats was an extremely successful Irish poet who was extraordinarily patriotic and proud to be Irish. He played his part in the Irish Renaissance at the beginning of the 1900s. Although he was a proud Irishman he chose to show his patriotism through his poetry instead of political or military action. Through his poems he spoke of national heroes’ bravery and well doings instead of their political status or where they stood in society. He praisedRead MoreRefugee Blues and Disabled Comparison (Almost Finished)2472 Words   |  10 Pagesof human life has had a deep influence on poetry of the first half of the 20th century. Many poets from around the world had felt the direct impact of earth-shattering wars and went on to express their opinions through their works. It was during wartime eras that the poems Disabled and Refugee Blues were written by Wilfred Owen and W.H. Auden respectively. Both of the given war poems are considered to be some of the most significant pieces of poetry of their time and the fact that they were